BLACK GANGS OF HARLEM : 1920-1939

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Schatzberg, Rufus and Kelly, Robert J. (1997). African American Organized Crime: A Social History. Rutgers University Press. New Brunswick, New Jersey

Lawrenson, Helen. (1972). Stranger At The Party. Random House, Inc., New York, N.Y.

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Schatzberg, Rufus. (1993). Black Organized crime in Harlem, 1920-1930. Taylor & Francis, Inc., Philadelphia, PA, Garland Publishing, Inc., New York, N.Y.

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